请教英语阅读、语法、翻译达人
1.Oil companies in the U.S. are already beginning to feel the pressure as a result of which Refinery workers and petroleum-equipment-manufacturing employees are being laid off.
句中which指的是什么？as a result of 是什么意思？
2.Abook is like a garden ,carried in your pocket.
句中carried in your pocket作什么成分？是补语还是定语？
请详细解答，非常感谢。
1. which 是指 Oil companies（石油公司）；as a result of 表示“因此”的意思。
Oil companies in the U.S. are already beginning to feel the pressure as a result of which Refinery workers and petroleum-equipment-manufacturing employees are being laid off.
译文： 美国的石油公司已经开始感觉到（生存）压力，因此，炼油厂工人和石油装备制造业从业人员纷纷被解雇。
2. carried in your pocket（装在你口袋里的） 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰中心词 book，因为修饰成分较长，所以通常后置。
A book is like a garden, carried in your pocket.
直译： 装在你口袋里的书就像一座花园。
意译： 书中自有黄金屋。
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